Vol. 13 No. 4 (2024): KONSELOR

This systematic literature review examines the concept of agentic engagement, a form of proactive student involvement in learning defined by self-directed behaviours such as expressing preferences, seeking clarifications, and actively shaping the instructional environment. Previous research on engagement has predominantly focused on behavioural, emotional, and cognitive dimensions, making agentic engagement—which was introduced in 2011—a novel branch in the study of student engagement. Consequently, this review analyses studies published between 2011 and 2024, sourced from five major databases: Sage Journals, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SpringerLink, and Taylor & Francis. We identified and thoroughly reviewed a total of 15 eligible articles across three key dimensions: (1) characteristics of students exhibiting agentic engagement, (2) factors contributing to the development of agentic engagement, and (3) the impacts of agentic engagement on students' learning. Additionally, an in-depth analysis addresses ways to enhance agentic engagement through an intervention called the Autonomy-Supportive Intervention Program (ASIP). This analysis suggests that agentic engagement is a vital educational aspect, benefiting students by fostering academic resilience, self-efficacy, motivation, and school adjustment, while also reducing test anxiety. Teachers can cultivate supportive learning environments that foster student agentic engagement with the help of ASIP. The implications of agentic engagement extend beyond traditional classroom settings, providing valuable insights into student-centred practices that encourage self-determination and active participation. Furthermore, understanding agentic engagement can guide teachers in gaining deeper insights into their students and help them identify those who require greater encouragement or motivation. Additionally, counsellors can design targeted interventions to enhance agentic engagement in learning. This literature review highlights the transformative potential of agentic engagement in education, especially in school settings, and suggests promising avenues for future research. 

Education plays a pivotal role in the rehabilitation of juvenile offenders. This qualitative study explores the opportunities and challenges of reforming rehabilitation through formal education at the Youth Rehabilitation Center Class II A Bengkulu. The program aims to enhance academic skills, life competencies, and self-esteem among juvenile offenders. Using a purposive sampling method, the study involved 14 informants, including a head of education and community guidance, a teacher, and 12 foster children. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis, and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. Findings reveal that educational initiatives at the center significantly boost foster children's confidence, motivation, and optimism about their future. The institution's strategic location, dedicated educators, and adequate infrastructure support these efforts. However, several challenges persist, such as limited cooperation from the children’s previous schools, insufficient facilities, a lack of subject-specific resources (e.g., science), and a shortage of qualified teachers. This study provides a detailed analysis of integrating formal education into rehabilitation programs and offers recommendations for improving the quality of educational services in juvenile rehabilitation centers. These insights aim to support the development of inclusive, sustainable, and education-focused rehabilitation policies.

This study aims to develop a comprehensive school guidance and counseling program model by integrating the international models of ASCA (American School Counselor Association) and ABKIN (Indonesian Guidance and Counseling Association), tailored to the local context of Indonesia. The research utilised the Borg and Gall research and development design, which includes development, testing, and validation steps. A purposive sample of 141 guidance and counseling teachers from various educational levels across Indonesia participated in the study. The developed model consists of two main frameworks: a general framework and a specific framework. The general framework includes the foundation, delivery system, management, and accountability, while the particular framework covers the rationale, philosophy, vision and mission, and program audit. The model was validated by four expert validators: (1) a professor of Guidance and Counseling from Semarang State University, focusing on junior high school education; (2) a professor from Malang State University, focusing on senior high school education; (3) a professor from Indonesian Education University, focusing on elementary school education; and (4) an expert lecturer in Early Childhood Education (PAUD). The validation results showed an average score of 4.1 out of 5, indicating that the model was considered satisfactory in feasibility and completeness. Suggested improvements emphasised further adaptation to local conditions and strengthening evidence-based accountability. This model is expected to enhance the effectiveness of school counseling services by supporting student development in three main domains: the academic domain (learning to learn), the career/vocational domain (learning to earn), and the personal/social domain (learning to live). With a more adaptive approach to the specific needs at various educational levels, this guidance and counseling model can better support student growth.

This study examines how interparental conflict affects offspring's future marital satisfaction, with a focus on the mediating role of communication patterns. A total of 364 married couples participated, using self-report questionnaires and instruments, including the Parental Conflict Intensity/Frequency Scale (PIC-I/F), Spousal Satisfaction Index (CSI-16), and Communication Patterns Questionnaire (CPQ-SF). The results showed that communication patterns did not mediate the relationship between interparental conflict and marital satisfaction. Instead, perceived interparental conflict directly predicted marital satisfaction. These findings highlight the importance of reframing individuals’ perceptions of past parental conflict, rather than just focusing on improving communication skills, to achieve greater marital satisfaction. The study offers valuable insights for family researchers and mental health practitioners in Indonesia, suggesting intervention approaches or therapies to support married individuals from high-conflict families in improving their marital satisfaction.